Presence of Insect Pests and Predatory on Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) Around The Flower Garden of Kedai Sawah Sembalun

Vina Meidivia, M Sarjan, Sudirman Sudirman

Abstract


Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a high-value horticultural crop whose productivity is often constrained by insect pests such as Spodoptera exigua, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Thrips tabaci, and Neotoxoptera formosana. This study aimed to identify pest and predator insect communities in shallot fields surrounding the Kedai Sawah Flower Garden, Sembalun, and to examine the role of flower gardens as refugia in regulating pest populations. The study was conducted from April to June 2025 using a descriptive method at four observation sites (L1–L4) located at different distances from the flower garden. Insects were sampled during seven observation periods using sweep nets and identified to the genus level. Parameters observed included insect abundance, Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′), dominance index (C), evenness index (E), relative abundance, and pest attack intensity. A total of 13 insect genera were recorded, comprising four pest genera and nine predator genera. Spodoptera exigua was the dominant pest, with higher populations at sites farther from the flower garden, while predators such as Paederus, Coccinella, Lycosa, and Episyrphus were more abundant at sites closer to the garden. Pest diversity was low (H′ = 0.85–0.91), whereas predator diversity was moderate to high (H′ = 1.87–2.08). Lower infestation levels of S. exigua near the flower garden indicate that flower gardens function effectively as refugia by supporting predator populations and naturally suppressing pest outbreaks.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33096/agrogenesis.v1i2.937

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ISSN: 3090-2657 Published by: Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Website: fp.umi.ac.id, Official Website: umi.ac.id, Email: agrogenesis@umi.ac.id

Editorial Address: Faculty of Agriculture and Mine Land Bioremediation, Universitas Muslim Indonesia Jl. Urip Sumoharjo No. km.5, Panaikang, Panakkukang District, Makassar City, South Sulawesi 90231, Indonesia