PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA, DAUN TEMBAKAU DAN DAUN TALAS TERHADAP MORTALITAS HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera liturafabriciu J.E.Smith)

Abstract

In Indonesia, attacks by armyworm caterpillars often occur on soybeans, cabbage, tomatoes and onions. Farmers still rely on synthetic insecticides to control pests that have been carried out so far. In addition, farmers who use insecticides generally exceed the recommended dosage, which can disrupt ecosystems and human health. This research aims to activate the effectiveness of papaya leaf, taro leaf and tobacco extracts on the death of grayak caterpillars on tomato plants (Lycopersium esculentum M.) to reduce insect mortality. Additionally, the most potent doses of this extract are sought after. The Makassar City Industrial Research and Development Center and the Indonesian Muslim University Pest and Disease Laboratory both participated in this research, which took place from March to May 2023. The equipment used included blenders, buckets, filters, jerry cans, plastic bottles, sprayers, Petri dishes, glasses, measuring spoons, stirrers, markers, name tags, and stationery. Meanwhile, the ingredients consist of 3 litres of air, 1 kilogram of papaya leaves, cigarettes and taro each, 1 litre of sunlight each, and 500 ml of 5% alcohol each. The research experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments, namely Control (P0-), Chemical pesticide (abenz), P1 (25%), P2 (50%) and P3 (75%) with three replications. It takes 15 insects because there are five insects per repetition. The results of this research were obtained. The greater the concentration of biopesticide in papaya leaves, tobacco leaves and taro leaves used, the greater the mortality of pests in the plants. 75% concentrate of papaya leaf biopesticide, tobacco leaves and taro leaves can be used as vegetable biopesticides because they contain active compounds that can harm plant pests.